滅絕
滅絕
根據報導,最⼤的藏傳佛教學院喇榮五明佛學院在2014年1⽉月9⽇日發⽣⼤火。五明佛學院在1980年建⽴,1997年註冊,容納數以萬計的僧尼。在幾天之後的1⽉11⽇,在雲南省迪慶州⾹格⾥拉縣的獨克宗古城發⽣了另⼀起嚴重⽕火災。這場⽕災毀掉了三分之二的房屋和文物。這並不是兩起獨立事件;它們代表了境內⼈民的聲⾳被扼住,⽽⻑久以來的⻄藏文化根源被蓄意摧毀。這兩場⼤火無聲⽽殘暴地劫掠了西藏古物和遺址。
根據2013年的⼈人權報告,在⻄藏的政治犯數⺫已攀升⾄988⼈人。整個藏區⺫前有六百萬⼈,⽽其中就有近千⼈是政治犯。中國政府對⻄藏的打壓不只是政治上的,更是宗教上的。現在藏區⼤約有千所寺院,但中國政府派了六千多個⼈員待在寺院裡。他們甚⾄至要求要在寺院中建⽴中國共產黨部。他們也強迫寺廟要懸掛五星旗、擺中國領導⼈的肖像、還給僧⼈進⾏所謂的「愛國教育」。我曾聽⼈批評藏⼈⾃焚。⾃2008以來,許多藏⼈因為人權被侵犯、環境被破壞、文化和宗教被滅絕⽽進行過各種絕⻝抗議和和平⽰威。這些⾏動⼜何曾受過國際社會的關注和建設性的回應?
四省藏區(包括青海、四川、甘肅、雲南)除雲南,其它三省藏人自焚情況都較為嚴重。自2009年致今致焚數字以高達一百二十九人。
他們為什麼要自焚? 是因為絕望和封閉,只有燃燒⾃己,把⾃己變成⽕炬,用最痛苦的⽅式來表達⾃⼰。對於藏⼈來說表達訴求⾮常困難,只有通過⾃焚這種很痛苦和慘烈的方式。正因為慘烈,⾃焚才可以變成⼤新聞,以⼀種觸目驚心的方式把他們要表達的聲⾳傳出去。但可悲的是中國政府不僅沒有回應藏人的訴求,反而加強鎮壓,對提出控訴者的家屬朋友施加壓力,進行連串監控判刑丶軟禁。中國政府為了掩飾自己的罪行,完全把責任推到藏人身上,喧染為恐怖主義。這是很好笑的,自焚的人沒有傷害任何無辜的人,他們只是在傷害⾃己。他們這樣做的原因是因為他們從來沒有得到任何尊重和回應,反過來自是更多的踐踏和滅絕。
對藏人來說宗教和環境就是他們的全部和自由,在大部分自焚者的唯願中都是希望他們的尊者達賴喇嘛反回西藏,試問評擊自焚者的人可以接受別人提取你生存的意義,把親如骨肉的命脈分離嗎?每個自焚者的犧牲並不是為着自己的分毫私利,乃是為到把整個被掩蓋真相的民族而表達自己痛不慾生的呼喊。
在去年九月份的研討會中蔡詠梅女仕擇錄了以下幾段自焚者的遺言:這一封是來自四川阿壩的一位19歲的自焚藏人青年。(曲培,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州阿壩縣前格爾登寺僧人,遭工作組驅逐回鄉當牧民,19歲。 2011年10月7日在阿壩縣洽唐西街與卡央一起自焚,重傷,被軍警帶走,11日犧牲。)他自焚前對很多藏人說:
「不計其數的軍警嚴厲管制藏人,隨意拘捕和騷擾藏人,使自己和很多藏人一樣非常難受,已經有很多僧人為此獻出寶貴的生命,因此也選擇自焚。」
還有一位阿壩的僧人,也是很年輕,19歲。(整理者注:卡央,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州阿壩縣前格爾登寺僧人,遭工作組驅逐回鄉當牧民,19歲。 2011年10月7日在阿壩縣洽唐西街與曲培一起自焚,重傷,被軍警帶走,8日犧牲。)他臨終前對親人說:
「自己能夠為西藏民族獻身而感到心滿意足,絕不後悔,因此,大家不要為我難過。」
還有一位25歲的年輕藏人,他和另外一位24歲的藏人一同自焚(整理者注:曲帕嘉,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州壤塘縣中壤塘鄉人,學生,25歲。2012年4月19日在覺囊派壤塘大寺附近與堂兄弟索南同時但不同地點自焚,當場犧牲。索南,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州壤塘縣中壤塘鄉人,學生,24歲。 2012年4月19日在覺囊派壤塘大寺附近與堂兄弟曲帕嘉同時但不同地點自焚,當場犧牲。兩人自焚前用手機錄下遺囑<a>http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=MdjEDm6zH6g)他這樣講:</a>
「藏民族是有著與眾不同的宗教和文化、慈悲和善良、有利他之心的民族,但是,藏民族受到中國的侵略、鎮壓和欺騙。我們是為了藏民族沒有基本人權的痛苦和實現世界和平而點火自焚的,我們藏民族沒有最基本人權的痛苦比我倆自焚的痛苦還要大。
在129位自焚中當中由老到少,平民百姓丶僧伲丶學者丶作家丶歌手丶牧民。他們的犧性只是為了一個坦白悲微的訴求,就是付出你們的良知,把真相用行動道出。今天中國政府已張狂地事無忌旦,眾目睽睽下燒毀藏傳典故丶文化遺址,試問我們怎可以作沉黙的兇手,容許接受這種道德淪亡的歪風延續下去!
根據報導,最⼤的藏傳佛教學院喇榮五明佛學院在2014年1⽉月9⽇日發⽣⼤火。五明佛學院在1980年建⽴,1997年註冊,容納數以萬計的僧尼。在幾天之後的1⽉11⽇,在雲南省迪慶州⾹格⾥拉縣的獨克宗古城發⽣了另⼀起嚴重⽕火災。這場⽕災毀掉了三分之二的房屋和文物。這並不是兩起獨立事件;它們代表了境內⼈民的聲⾳被扼住,⽽⻑久以來的⻄藏文化根源被蓄意摧毀。這兩場⼤火無聲⽽殘暴地劫掠了西藏古物和遺址。
根據2013年的⼈人權報告,在⻄藏的政治犯數⺫已攀升⾄988⼈人。整個藏區⺫前有六百萬⼈,⽽其中就有近千⼈是政治犯。中國政府對⻄藏的打壓不只是政治上的,更是宗教上的。現在藏區⼤約有千所寺院,但中國政府派了六千多個⼈員待在寺院裡。他們甚⾄至要求要在寺院中建⽴中國共產黨部。他們也強迫寺廟要懸掛五星旗、擺中國領導⼈的肖像、還給僧⼈進⾏所謂的「愛國教育」。我曾聽⼈批評藏⼈⾃焚。⾃2008以來,許多藏⼈因為人權被侵犯、環境被破壞、文化和宗教被滅絕⽽進行過各種絕⻝抗議和和平⽰威。這些⾏動⼜何曾受過國際社會的關注和建設性的回應?
四省藏區(包括青海、四川、甘肅、雲南)除雲南,其它三省藏人自焚情況都較為嚴重。自2009年致今致焚數字以高達一百二十九人。
他們為什麼要自焚? 是因為絕望和封閉,只有燃燒⾃己,把⾃己變成⽕炬,用最痛苦的⽅式來表達⾃⼰。對於藏⼈來說表達訴求⾮常困難,只有通過⾃焚這種很痛苦和慘烈的方式。正因為慘烈,⾃焚才可以變成⼤新聞,以⼀種觸目驚心的方式把他們要表達的聲⾳傳出去。但可悲的是中國政府不僅沒有回應藏人的訴求,反而加強鎮壓,對提出控訴者的家屬朋友施加壓力,進行連串監控判刑丶軟禁。中國政府為了掩飾自己的罪行,完全把責任推到藏人身上,喧染為恐怖主義。這是很好笑的,自焚的人沒有傷害任何無辜的人,他們只是在傷害⾃己。他們這樣做的原因是因為他們從來沒有得到任何尊重和回應,反過來自是更多的踐踏和滅絕。
對藏人來說宗教和環境就是他們的全部和自由,在大部分自焚者的唯願中都是希望他們的尊者達賴喇嘛反回西藏,試問評擊自焚者的人可以接受別人提取你生存的意義,把親如骨肉的命脈分離嗎?每個自焚者的犧牲並不是為着自己的分毫私利,乃是為到把整個被掩蓋真相的民族而表達自己痛不慾生的呼喊。
在去年九月份的研討會中蔡詠梅女仕擇錄了以下幾段自焚者的遺言:這一封是來自四川阿壩的一位19歲的自焚藏人青年。(曲培,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州阿壩縣前格爾登寺僧人,遭工作組驅逐回鄉當牧民,19歲。 2011年10月7日在阿壩縣洽唐西街與卡央一起自焚,重傷,被軍警帶走,11日犧牲。)他自焚前對很多藏人說:
「不計其數的軍警嚴厲管制藏人,隨意拘捕和騷擾藏人,使自己和很多藏人一樣非常難受,已經有很多僧人為此獻出寶貴的生命,因此也選擇自焚。」
還有一位阿壩的僧人,也是很年輕,19歲。(整理者注:卡央,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州阿壩縣前格爾登寺僧人,遭工作組驅逐回鄉當牧民,19歲。 2011年10月7日在阿壩縣洽唐西街與曲培一起自焚,重傷,被軍警帶走,8日犧牲。)他臨終前對親人說:
「自己能夠為西藏民族獻身而感到心滿意足,絕不後悔,因此,大家不要為我難過。」
還有一位25歲的年輕藏人,他和另外一位24歲的藏人一同自焚(整理者注:曲帕嘉,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州壤塘縣中壤塘鄉人,學生,25歲。2012年4月19日在覺囊派壤塘大寺附近與堂兄弟索南同時但不同地點自焚,當場犧牲。索南,四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州壤塘縣中壤塘鄉人,學生,24歲。 2012年4月19日在覺囊派壤塘大寺附近與堂兄弟曲帕嘉同時但不同地點自焚,當場犧牲。兩人自焚前用手機錄下遺囑<a>http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=MdjEDm6zH6g)他這樣講:</a>
「藏民族是有著與眾不同的宗教和文化、慈悲和善良、有利他之心的民族,但是,藏民族受到中國的侵略、鎮壓和欺騙。我們是為了藏民族沒有基本人權的痛苦和實現世界和平而點火自焚的,我們藏民族沒有最基本人權的痛苦比我倆自焚的痛苦還要大。
在129位自焚中當中由老到少,平民百姓丶僧伲丶學者丶作家丶歌手丶牧民。他們的犧性只是為了一個坦白悲微的訴求,就是付出你們的良知,把真相用行動道出。今天中國政府已張狂地事無忌旦,眾目睽睽下燒毀藏傳典故丶文化遺址,試問我們怎可以作沉黙的兇手,容許接受這種道德淪亡的歪風延續下去!
Censorship
translate by Peng-husan Lee
The biggest Tibetan Buddhist Institute, Serta Larung Gar, was reported destroyed by a massive fire at 7:30 pm at January 9th, 2014. Serta Larung Gar was built in 1980 and registered in 1997, and it's home of tens of thousands of monks and nuns. And just the following day during the mid-night at January 11th, there was another huge fire occurred at the ancient Dorkhar town in the Gyalthang County, Diqing prefecture, Yunnan Province. It destroyed two third of houses and antiques in the town. These were not just two independent incidents; they've represented that the voices of people inside Tibet are muted, and the root of the long-lasted Tibetan culture is wrecked down intendedly. The two blazes have plundered the ancient Tibetan antiques and relics silenced but brutally.
Also, there were hundreds of Tibetans at Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture trying to stop Chinese to mine for gold, silver and lead and to deliver them to other places in name of building tunnels. Many people were beaten and arrested. Two Tibetans were detained because of assisting the environmental researches. Tseten Dhondup was confirmed to be detained for political crime; and another Tibetan Zongga was disappeared since the end of December, 2013. And there are many monasteries forced to shut down recently.
According to the records in 1959, there were 2,500 monasteries in Tibet at that time. Before the Cultural Revolution, as the 10th Panchen Lama had examined the whole Tibet, there were only 70 of them left.
According to the human rights report in 2013, the number of political prisoners in Tibet have climbed up to 988 people. The population in Tibet is about 6 million now, and there are almost a thousand political prisoners among them.The Chinese government is oppressing Tibetans not only politically,but also religiously. There are about a thousand monasteries in Tibet now, but the government has sent 6 thousand of their staff staying in the monasteries. They even demand to set up branches of the Chinese Communist Party in the monasteries. They also force the monasteries to fly the flags of People's Republic of China, to put the portraits of the Chinese leaders, and to give monks the so called "patriotic education". I've be heard of people criticizing Tibetans for the self-immolations. There are many Tibetans protesting their human rights being violated, environment being spoiled, and culture and religion being exterminated through all kinds of hunger strikes and peaceful demonstrations since 2008. Have these actions ever been paid any close attention or received constructive feedbacks from the international society?
Inside Tibet, the situation of people self-immolating is critical, especially in Sichuan Province, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. The amount of people sacrificed themselves has reached 129 since the first self-immolation at 2009.
Why did they sacrificed themselves? It's because of the deep desperation and severe isolation. The ultimate way to express their feelings was burning themselves into a torch. Since there's no freedom of speech in Tibet, they can only telling their stories in such desperate method; their thoughts can only be express when their death becomes a breaking news. But the fact is that the Chinese government has absolutely shifted the blames to Tibetans, and they accused the people for terrorism. It's rather ridiculous of it, since the self-immolators didn't even try to harm the others; all they've hurt are themselves. And the reason they're still people sacrificing is that, they haven't earn any respect any response they deserved. All they've got are abuses and extermination.
For Tibetans, all they request are the preservation of their own religion and environment. The common hope of the people sacrificed was letting His Holiness return to Tibet. I really want to ask those who criticizing the self-immolators: Would you letting others taking away your dignity, parting with your love ones, and doing nothing about it?They didn't die for their own benefits, but for the mass Tibetans who are concealed. They cried out loud for all.
Ms. Cai YongMei has selected and shared these last words of self-immolators on the conference on September, 2011.
The first one is from a 19-year-old Tibetan.(Note: Choepel, the former monk of Kirti Monastery, and was expelled from Kirti Monastery following Phuntsog's self-immolation. He sacrificed himself with Khayang in Ngaba. They were severely wounded and taken away by police. He passed away on October 11th, 2011.) He said before the self-immolation, "Tibetans are under the strict control of countless police. They arrest and harass Tibetans arbitrary, making their lives difficult. There were many monks giving out their own lives for this, and I'll follow their steps."
There was another young man self-immolated with Choepel. (Note: Khayang, also a former monk of Kriti Monastery, and were expelled. He passed away on October 8th, 2011) He told his family that, he was pleased to devoted himself to all Tibetans, and he would never regret for this; thus, please don't be sad for him.
And there were two young Tibetans, who were cousins, sacrificed at the same time on April 19th, 2012.(Note: Choephak Kyap, 25-year-old, and Sonam, 24-year-old, were students in Barma Township, Dzamthang County, Ngaba, Eastern Tibet. They self-immolated near the Jonang Dzamthang monastery at Barma Township and passed away soon after. They had recorded their last words with mobile phone.)Choephak said in the video:"Tibetans are a group of people with outstanding religion and culture, compassion and altruism. But we're under the invasion, oppression and deception of Chinese right now. We ignite ourselves to show the pain of Tibetans without basic human rights, and to obtain world peace. The pain of our fellow Tibetans suffering without human rights is much worse than the pain of lighting ourselves with flame."
Among the 129 sacrificed Tibetans, they were in different ages; they were normal citizens, monks and nuns, scholars, writers, singers, nomads, etc. They sacrificed for a single appeal, which is direct and but humble. They've asked all of us to keep the conscience, and speak out the truth by action. The Chinese government today is absolutely unbridled, and they're destroying antiques and relics of Tibet in the public eyes. There's no way that we keep our silence and being an accomplice of this!
Also, there were hundreds of Tibetans at Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture trying to stop Chinese to mine for gold, silver and lead and to deliver them to other places in name of building tunnels. Many people were beaten and arrested. Two Tibetans were detained because of assisting the environmental researches. Tseten Dhondup was confirmed to be detained for political crime; and another Tibetan Zongga was disappeared since the end of December, 2013. And there are many monasteries forced to shut down recently.
According to the records in 1959, there were 2,500 monasteries in Tibet at that time. Before the Cultural Revolution, as the 10th Panchen Lama had examined the whole Tibet, there were only 70 of them left.
According to the human rights report in 2013, the number of political prisoners in Tibet have climbed up to 988 people. The population in Tibet is about 6 million now, and there are almost a thousand political prisoners among them.The Chinese government is oppressing Tibetans not only politically,but also religiously. There are about a thousand monasteries in Tibet now, but the government has sent 6 thousand of their staff staying in the monasteries. They even demand to set up branches of the Chinese Communist Party in the monasteries. They also force the monasteries to fly the flags of People's Republic of China, to put the portraits of the Chinese leaders, and to give monks the so called "patriotic education". I've be heard of people criticizing Tibetans for the self-immolations. There are many Tibetans protesting their human rights being violated, environment being spoiled, and culture and religion being exterminated through all kinds of hunger strikes and peaceful demonstrations since 2008. Have these actions ever been paid any close attention or received constructive feedbacks from the international society?
Inside Tibet, the situation of people self-immolating is critical, especially in Sichuan Province, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. The amount of people sacrificed themselves has reached 129 since the first self-immolation at 2009.
Why did they sacrificed themselves? It's because of the deep desperation and severe isolation. The ultimate way to express their feelings was burning themselves into a torch. Since there's no freedom of speech in Tibet, they can only telling their stories in such desperate method; their thoughts can only be express when their death becomes a breaking news. But the fact is that the Chinese government has absolutely shifted the blames to Tibetans, and they accused the people for terrorism. It's rather ridiculous of it, since the self-immolators didn't even try to harm the others; all they've hurt are themselves. And the reason they're still people sacrificing is that, they haven't earn any respect any response they deserved. All they've got are abuses and extermination.
For Tibetans, all they request are the preservation of their own religion and environment. The common hope of the people sacrificed was letting His Holiness return to Tibet. I really want to ask those who criticizing the self-immolators: Would you letting others taking away your dignity, parting with your love ones, and doing nothing about it?They didn't die for their own benefits, but for the mass Tibetans who are concealed. They cried out loud for all.
Ms. Cai YongMei has selected and shared these last words of self-immolators on the conference on September, 2011.
The first one is from a 19-year-old Tibetan.(Note: Choepel, the former monk of Kirti Monastery, and was expelled from Kirti Monastery following Phuntsog's self-immolation. He sacrificed himself with Khayang in Ngaba. They were severely wounded and taken away by police. He passed away on October 11th, 2011.) He said before the self-immolation, "Tibetans are under the strict control of countless police. They arrest and harass Tibetans arbitrary, making their lives difficult. There were many monks giving out their own lives for this, and I'll follow their steps."
There was another young man self-immolated with Choepel. (Note: Khayang, also a former monk of Kriti Monastery, and were expelled. He passed away on October 8th, 2011) He told his family that, he was pleased to devoted himself to all Tibetans, and he would never regret for this; thus, please don't be sad for him.
And there were two young Tibetans, who were cousins, sacrificed at the same time on April 19th, 2012.(Note: Choephak Kyap, 25-year-old, and Sonam, 24-year-old, were students in Barma Township, Dzamthang County, Ngaba, Eastern Tibet. They self-immolated near the Jonang Dzamthang monastery at Barma Township and passed away soon after. They had recorded their last words with mobile phone.)Choephak said in the video:"Tibetans are a group of people with outstanding religion and culture, compassion and altruism. But we're under the invasion, oppression and deception of Chinese right now. We ignite ourselves to show the pain of Tibetans without basic human rights, and to obtain world peace. The pain of our fellow Tibetans suffering without human rights is much worse than the pain of lighting ourselves with flame."
Among the 129 sacrificed Tibetans, they were in different ages; they were normal citizens, monks and nuns, scholars, writers, singers, nomads, etc. They sacrificed for a single appeal, which is direct and but humble. They've asked all of us to keep the conscience, and speak out the truth by action. The Chinese government today is absolutely unbridled, and they're destroying antiques and relics of Tibet in the public eyes. There's no way that we keep our silence and being an accomplice of this!